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New research articles by Csaba Lakócai and Tamás Tibor Csontos has published in Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe

 

State expenditures and varieties of capitalism in East Central Europe

Tamás T. Csontos

Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe  – Published online: 25 May 2025

Abstract
 
The paper contributes to the debate on how capitalist varieties have changed in East Central Europe (ECE) after the 2008 crisis by applying cluster analysis to government expenditure in 10 ECE countries. The analysis compares the periods 2000–2007 and 2011–2019 and identifies four stable clusters: neoliberal, liberal developmental, embedded and embedded developmental, with most countries showing stability with minor changes. Only two countries, Poland and Hungary switched groups, moving from the embedded developmental cluster to the embedded cluster after the crisis. The paper argues that the changes in Poland and Hungary cannot be seen as stability or a shift towards a post-socialist developmental state. Instead, both countries have experienced an illiberal shift in the redistribution of state resources, showing an internal reallocation of expenditure towards economic affairs, recreation, culture and religion, and family and child benefits. However, the illiberal shift is less pronounced in Poland. These findings highlight a deviation from the path taken by other ECE countries and underline the unique trajectories of Poland and Hungary. 
 
Keywords: Role of the state, state expenditures, varieties of capitalism, East and Central Europe, cluster analysis, illiberalism
 

 

Wellbeing and environmental performance of the Visegrad countries at the beginning of the 21st century

Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe  – Published online: 23 May 2025

Abstract

Literature finds convergence between Western and Eastern Europe in terms of formal macro-economic and social indicators since the end of the last century. Yet, the East-West difference in Europe is still significant. In parallel with the European convergence process, the social preferences have been changing since the turn of the millennium, moving beyond the 20th century paradigm of economic growth. The changing concept of development is reflected in the increasing concerns about the social and environmental conditions, which have led to the multiplication of alternative development indicator sets. In accordance with this paradigm shift, the paper aims to analyse the wellbeing and environmental performance of four Central and Eastern European countries, collectively referred to as the Visegrad countries, namely the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia, from the second half of the 2000s until the end of the 2010s. It also analyses the pre-pandemic social conditions at the NUTS2 regional level. The findings indicate that, in order to enhance the quality of life, the Visegrad countries should prioritize the social and environmental dimensions of development, rather than solely focusing on economic growth.

Keywords: Central and Eastern Europe, Visegrad countries, sustainable development, quality of life, environmental impact

 

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